S Engering, S and Barron, H.F. (2007) Doncaster Geodiversity Assessment Volumes 1&2. British Geological Survey Commissioned Report CR/07/025N. For planning purposes consult Doncaster City Council The report is also available as a PDF download from NERC NORA

A6 DR1 Denaby Woods/Mexborough Oxbow Lake

Site information

Site name: Denaby Woods/Mexborough Oxbow Lake

Site key: DR1

Grid reference: [SK 4782 9946] (centred on)

Site type: geomorphological interest site

Local authority: Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council, South Yorkshire

Site dimensions: several km2

Site owner: Various

Conservation status: Proposed Regionally Important Geological Site Date: No Date

Field surveyor: Scott Engering Date: 13/3/07

Stratigraphy and rock types

Time unit: Carboniferous, Westphalian Rock unit: Pennine Coal Measure Group

Rock type: Details:

Site map

(Figure 30) — DR1 Denaby Woods/Mexborough Oxbow Lake.

This map is based upon Ordnance Survey topographic material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, © Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown Copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Licence Number: 100017897 [2007]

Site description

The area around Mexborough and Old Denaby is of particular interest in a regional context for landforms and topography that provide evidence of two major structural geology features: the Don Monocline and the South Don fault. These have also influenced the drainage patterns of the River Don and the River Dearne and in the low lying areas adjacent to these two rivers, there are river terraces, braided channels, oxbow lakes and wetlands that record the development of river systems during the Quaternary Period.

In general, the Coal Measures rocks that form the distinctive scarp and topography to the west of the Permian limestone escarpment posses a north-north-west–south-south-east alignment, with strata generally dipping to the north-east with progressively younger rocks outcropping in that direction. In the Doncaster region, this is seen at Barnburgh and from viewpoints at Conisbrough, Cadeby, High Melton and Hooton Pagnell, this pattern is clearly seen in the landscape and by following the course of the River Dearne. However, from Sheffield, Rotherham and into the region between Hooton Roberts and Old Denaby, the strata immediately to the south of the course of the River Don are aligned south-south-west– north-north-east, with strata dipping steeply to the south-east and form distinct escarpments of Mexborough Rock and Ackworth Rock at Denaby Wood and a much smaller, but very distinctive, escarpment, also Mexborough rock, south of the Don at Mexbrorough (centred on [SK 474 992]). These are best seen from [SK 47440 99750].

The alignment and form of these escarpments is closely associated with the south-south-west–north- north-east Don Fault System and the outcrop of these strata has controlled the course of the River Don and the position of associated alluvial terraces. At [SK 48013 99521], at Ferryboat Farm Fisheries there is part of an oxbow lake which, although partly remodelled for fishing and flood protection purposes, links to wetland areas west and north of the Denaby Lane RIGS (D6) and to Denaby Ings at the confluence of the Don and Dearne. Here, it is quite possible that the position of alluvial terraces and other related features are obscured by landscaping, restoration and subsidence associated with the former Denaby main Colliery.

In a regional context, linking with biodiversity initiatives and existing Nature Reserves, the area merits further protection for its geological and geomorphological significance.

RIGS assessment of site value

Ratings: 1–2 very poor; 3–4 poor; 5–6 acceptable/useful; 7–8 quite good; 9–10 very good/excellent; N/A not applicable; D/K don't know

Access and safety

Aspect/Description/Rating

Road access & parking On street, roadside parking. The proposed site covers a large area and walking is required. Rating: 6

Safety of access Good access. Involves walking around wetland areas and associated paths. Rating: 7

Safety of exposure Reasonable precautions required around wetland areas ie good footwear etc.. Rating: 7

Permission to visit Ferryboat Farm Fisheries is private. Points of interest viewed from public rights of way. Rating: 5

Current condition Areas of interest are in good condition but lie in and around areas that are rapidly developing. Rating: 7

Current conflicting activities Development

Restricting conditions Private access to some parts. Possibility of opening new pathways etc

Nature of exposure Escarpments and geomorphological and topographic features

Multiple exposures /prospect for trail With proper management and access, there are good prospects for education at a variety of levels and trails. Links to hard rock geology on Permian limestone

Notes Most features viewed from public rights of way

Culture, heritage & economic

Aspect/Description/Rating

Historic, archaeological & literary associations Settlement patterns associated with the confluence of the River Don and Dearne e.g. Mexborough castle. Rating: 7

Aesthetic landscape Excellent site, with scarp topography and other rural features within an are dominated by industrial development. Rating: 9

History of earth sciences Regionally significant for demonstrating the Don Monocline and Don faults. Rating: 9

Economic geology Not applicable. Rating: 0

Notes Settlement patterns associated with confluence of the Don and Dearne

Education and science

Surface processes Meandering, alluvial terraces, oxbow lakes, river drainage patterns, fluvial processes. Rating: 7

Geomorphology Fault bound escarpments and fluvial landforms. Rating: 8

Sedimentary Fluvial processes. Rating: 8

Fossils Not applicable. Rating: 0

Igneous Not applicable. Rating: 0

Metamorphic Not applicable. Rating: 0

Tectonic: structural Evidence of the Don Monocline and Don Fault System. Rating: 9

Minerals Not applicable. Rating: 0

Stratigraphy None known. Rating: 0

Notes Excellent site to demonstrate Don Monocline and associated faulting and river channel processes

Geodiversity value

Very good. Faulting and folding, alluvial processes and geomorphology. Rating: 9

Site photographs DR1 Denaby Woods/Mexborough Oxbow Lake

(Figure 31) View to the south of escarpments in Mexborough Rock. [SK 47440 99750].

(Figure 32) View to the east along the oxbow lake. [SK 48013 99521].

(Figure 33) View to the south from the north-west end of oxbow lake. [SK 47859 99511].